4. Soṇadaṇḍasuttaṃ

Campeyyakabrāhmaṇagahapatikā

300. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā aṅgesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena campā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Tena kho pana samayena soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo campaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ raññā māgadhena seniyena bimbisārena dinnaṃ rājadāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ.

301. Assosuṃ kho campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito aṅgesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi campaṃ anuppatto campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā campāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī [saṅghā saṅghī (sī. syā. pī.)] gaṇībhūtā yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamanti.

302. Tena kho pana samayena soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo uparipāsāde divāseyyaṃ upagato hoti. Addasā kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo campeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike campāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī [saṅghe saṅghī (sī. pī.) saṅghā saṅghī (syā.)] gaṇībhūte yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamante. Disvā khattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, bho khatte, campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā campāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamantī’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bho, samaṇo gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito aṅgesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi campaṃ anuppatto campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Tamete bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bho khatte, yena campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā campeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṃ vadehi – ‘soṇadaṇḍo, bho, brāhmaṇo evamāha – āgamentu kira bhavanto, soṇadaṇḍopi brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho so khattā soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā yena campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā campeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike etadavoca – ‘‘soṇadaṇḍo bho brāhmaṇo evamāha – ‘āgamentu kira bhavanto, soṇadaṇḍopi brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī’’’ti.

Soṇadaṇḍaguṇakathā



这是我的翻译:
索纳丹达经
坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们
如是我闻。一时,世尊与大比丘众约五百人在安哦国游行,来到了坎帕城。世尊住在坎帕城伽伽罗池畔。当时,婆罗门索纳丹达居住在坎帕城。这座城市人口众多,草木茂盛,水源充足,谷物丰饶,是摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王赐予他的王室封地,作为婆罗门的赠礼。
坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们听说:"沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,与大比丘众约五百人在安哦国游行,已到达坎帕城,住在伽伽罗池畔。关于这位乔达摩尊者,有这样的美名广为流传:'他是如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'他以自己的智慧证悟并宣说了这个包括天、魔、梵天、沙门婆罗门、天神人类在内的世界。他宣说的法义初善、中善、后善,有义有文,显示完全圆满清净的梵行。见到这样的阿罗汉是很好的。"于是,坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们从坎帕城出发,成群结队地向伽伽罗池走去。
那时,婆罗门索纳丹达正在高楼上午睡。索纳丹达婆罗门看见坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们从坎帕城出发,成群结队地向伽伽罗池走去。看到这一幕,他召唤侍从说:"侍从啊,为什么坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们从坎帕城出发,成群结队地向伽伽罗池走去呢?""先生,有一位沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,与大比丘众约五百人在安哦国游行,已到达坎帕城,住在伽伽罗池畔。关于这位乔达摩尊者,有这样的美名广为流传:'他是如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'他们正去拜见这位乔达摩尊者。""那么,侍从啊,你去见坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们,告诉他们:'婆罗门索纳丹达是这样说的:请诸位稍等,索纳丹达婆罗门也将去拜见沙门乔达摩。'"侍从回答说:"遵命,先生。"他就去见坎佩亚的婆罗门和居士们,告诉他们:"婆罗门索纳丹达是这样说的:'请诸位稍等,索纳丹达婆罗门也将去拜见沙门乔达摩。'"
赞颂索纳丹达的品德

303. Tena kho pana samayena nānāverajjakānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ pañcamattāni brāhmaṇasatāni campāyaṃ paṭivasanti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Assosuṃ kho te brāhmaṇā – ‘‘soṇadaṇḍo kira brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī’’ti. Atha kho te brāhmaṇā yena soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘saccaṃ kira bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ kho me, bho, hoti – ‘ahampi samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāmī’’’ti.

‘‘Mā bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkami. Na arahati bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Sace bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissati, bhoto soṇadaṇḍassa yaso hāyissati, samaṇassa gotamassa yaso abhivaḍḍhissati. Yampi bhoto soṇadaṇḍassa yaso hāyissati, samaṇassa gotamassa yaso abhivaḍḍhissati , imināpaṅgena na arahati bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ; samaṇotveva gotamo arahati bhavantaṃ soṇadaṇḍaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ.

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena. Yampi bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena, imināpaṅgena na arahati bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ; samaṇotveva gotamo arahati bhavantaṃ soṇadaṇḍaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ.

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo ajjhāyako , mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato brahmavaṇṇī brahmavacchasī [brahmaḍḍhī (sī.), brahmavaccasī (pī.)] akhuddāvakāso dassanāya…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo sīlavā vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo kalyāṇavāco kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya [aneḷagalāya (sī. pī.), anelagaḷāya (ka)] atthassa viññāpaniyā…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo bahūnaṃ ācariyapācariyo tīṇi māṇavakasatāni mante vāceti. Bahū kho pana nānādisā nānājanapadā māṇavakā āgacchanti bhoto soṇadaṇḍassa santike mantatthikā mante adhiyitukāmā …pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo jiṇṇo vuddho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto; samaṇo gotamo taruṇo ceva taruṇapabbajito ca…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Bhavañhi soṇadaṇḍo campaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ, raññā māgadhena seniyena bimbisārena dinnaṃ, rājadāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ. Yampi bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo campaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ, raññā māgadhena seniyena bimbisārena dinnaṃ, rājadāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ. Imināpaṅgena na arahati bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ; samaṇotveva gotamo arahati bhavantaṃ soṇadaṇḍaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti.

Buddhaguṇakathā



这是我的翻译:
那时,约有五百名来自不同地方的婆罗门因某些事务住在坎帕城。这些婆罗门听说:"据说索纳丹达婆罗门将去拜见沙门乔达摩。"于是,他们来到索纳丹达婆罗门处,问道:"索纳丹达先生,据说您真的要去拜见沙门乔达摩,是这样吗?""确实如此,诸位。我是这样想的:'我也要去拜见沙门乔达摩。'"
"索纳丹达先生,请不要去拜见沙门乔达摩。索纳丹达先生不应该去拜见沙门乔达摩。如果索纳丹达先生去拜见沙门乔达摩,您的声望会下降,而沙门乔达摩的声望会提升。正因为您的声望会下降,而沙门乔达摩的声望会提升,所以索纳丹达先生不应该去拜见沙门乔达摩;相反,应该是沙门乔达摩来拜见索纳丹达先生。
"索纳丹达先生,您出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤。正因为您出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤,所以索纳丹达先生不应该去拜见沙门乔达摩;相反,应该是沙门乔达摩来拜见索纳丹达先生。
"索纳丹达先生,您富有、财产丰厚、资产众多......
"索纳丹达先生,您是精通吠陀的学者,熟知咒语,精通三吠陀及其附属学问、音韵学和词源学,通晓古传说为第五的典籍,精通语法,善于辩论世间学说和大人相......
"索纳丹达先生,您相貌英俊,令人赏心悦目,拥有最高等的肤色,具有梵天般的容貌,身材高大,值得一见......
"索纳丹达先生,您品德高尚,具有崇高的德行......
"索纳丹达先生,您言语优雅,措辞得体,说话文雅,清晰明了,能准确表达意思......
"索纳丹达先生,您是许多人的老师和老师的老师,教导三百名学生诵习咒语。许多来自不同地方和国家的学生为了学习咒语而来到您这里......
"索纳丹达先生,您年事已高,年迈衰老,已到暮年;而沙门乔达摩还年轻,刚刚出家......
"索纳丹达先生,您受到摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"索纳丹达先生,您受到婆罗门布库拉沙提的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"索纳丹达先生,您统治着坎帕城,这里人口众多,草木茂盛,水源充足,谷物丰饶,是摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王赐予您的王室封地,作为婆罗门的赠礼。正因为您统治着坎帕城,这里人口众多,草木茂盛,水源充足,谷物丰饶,是摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王赐予您的王室封地,作为婆罗门的赠礼,所以索纳丹达先生不应该去拜见沙门乔达摩;相反,应该是沙门乔达摩来拜见索纳丹达先生。"
赞颂佛陀的品德

304. Evaṃ vutte, soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo te brāhmaṇe etadavoca –

‘‘Tena hi, bho, mamapi suṇātha, yathā mayameva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ; natveva arahati so bhavaṃ gotamo amhākaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā, akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena. Yampi bho samaṇo gotamo ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā, akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena, imināpaṅgena na arahati so bhavaṃ gotamo amhākaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ ; atha kho mayameva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ.


这是我的翻译:
听到这些话,索纳丹达婆罗门对那些婆罗门们说:
"那么,诸位,也请听听我的看法,为什么应该是我们去拜见乔达摩尊者,而不是乔达摩尊者来拜见我们。诸位,沙门乔达摩出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤。正因为沙门乔达摩出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤,所以乔达摩尊者不应该来拜见我们;相反,应该是我们去拜见乔达摩尊者。



‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo mahantaṃ ñātisaṅghaṃ ohāya pabbajito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo pahūtaṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ ohāya pabbajito bhūmigatañca vehāsaṭṭhaṃ ca…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo daharova samāno yuvā susukāḷakeso bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato paṭhamena vayasā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo akāmakānaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ assumukhānaṃ rudantānaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, brahmavaṇṇī, brahmavacchasī, akhuddāvakāso dassanāya…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sīlavā ariyasīlī kusalasīlī kusalasīlena samannāgato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo kalyāṇavāco kalyāṇavākkaraṇo poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo bahūnaṃ ācariyapācariyo…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo khīṇakāmarāgo vigatacāpallo…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo kammavādī kiriyavādī apāpapurekkhāro brahmaññāya pajāya…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo uccā kulā pabbajito asambhinnakhattiyakulā…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo aḍḍhā kulā pabbajito mahaddhanā mahābhogā…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ tiroraṭṭhā tirojanapadā pañhaṃ pucchituṃ āgacchanti…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ anekāni devatāsahassāni pāṇehi saraṇaṃ gatāni…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ ti…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo ehisvāgatavādī sakhilo sammodako abbhākuṭiko uttānamukho pubbabhāsī…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo catunnaṃ parisānaṃ sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇe khalu, bho, gotame bahū devā ca manussā ca abhippasannā…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo yasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati, na tasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā amanussā manusse viheṭhenti…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo saṅghī gaṇī gaṇācariyo puthutitthakarānaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Yathā kho pana, bho, etesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ yathā vā tathā vā yaso samudāgacchati, na hevaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa yaso samudāgato. Atha kho anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya samaṇassa gotamassa yaso samudāgato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro saputto sabhariyo sapariso sāmacco pāṇehi saraṇaṃ gato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ rājā pasenadi kosalo saputto sabhariyo sapariso sāmacco pāṇehi saraṇaṃ gato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇaṃ khalu, bho, gotamaṃ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti saputto sabhariyo sapariso sāmacco pāṇehi saraṇaṃ gato…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo rañño pasenadissa kosalassa sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa sakkato garukato mānito pūjito apacito…pe…

‘‘Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo campaṃ anuppatto, campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Ye kho pana, bho, keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā amhākaṃ gāmakhettaṃ āgacchanti atithī no te honti. Atithī kho panamhehi sakkātabbā garukātabbā mānetabbā pūjetabbā apacetabbā. Yampi, bho, samaṇo gotamo campaṃ anuppatto campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre, atithimhākaṃ samaṇo gotamo; atithi kho panamhehi sakkātabbo garukātabbo mānetabbo pūjetabbo apacetabbo. Imināpaṅgena na arahati so bhavaṃ gotamo amhākaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Atha kho mayameva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Ettake kho ahaṃ, bho, tassa bhoto gotamassa vaṇṇe pariyāpuṇāmi, no ca kho so bhavaṃ gotamo ettakavaṇṇo. Aparimāṇavaṇṇo hi so bhavaṃ gotamo’’ti.



这是我的翻译:
"诸位,沙门乔达摩舍弃了庞大的亲族而出家......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩舍弃了大量的金银财宝而出家,包括地上和空中的财宝......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩年纪轻轻,正值青春年华,头发乌黑,正当壮年,在人生的第一阶段就从在家生活出家为无家者......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩不顾父母不愿、泪流满面、哭泣哀号,剃除须发,身着袈裟,从在家生活出家为无家者......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩相貌英俊,令人赏心悦目,拥有最高等的肤色,具有梵天般的容貌,身材高大,值得一见......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩品德高尚,具有崇高的德行,善良的品性......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩言语优雅,措辞得体,说话文雅,清晰明了,能准确表达意思......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩是许多人的老师和老师的老师......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩已经断除了欲望,没有虚伪......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩主张业力,主张行为,不倡导有害的行为,教导梵行......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩出身高贵的刹帝利家族......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩出身富裕的家族,拥有巨大的财富和资产......
"诸位,人们从其他国家和地区来向沙门乔达摩请教问题......
"诸位,成千上万的神灵皈依沙门乔达摩......
"诸位,关于沙门乔达摩,有这样的美名广为流传:'他是如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊'......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩具备三十二种大人相......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩待人亲切,言语友善,面带微笑,态度开朗,主动问候......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩受到四众弟子的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"诸位,许多神灵和人类对沙门乔达摩深信不疑......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩住在哪个村庄或城镇,那里的非人就不会伤害人类......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩是一个团体的领袖,一个教派的导师,被认为是众多宗教创始人中最杰出的。诸位,其他沙门和婆罗门的声誉是如何产生的,沙门乔达摩的声誉却不是这样产生的。沙门乔达摩的声誉是因为他无上的智慧和德行而产生的......
"诸位,摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王及其子女、妻子、随从和大臣都皈依了沙门乔达摩......
"诸位,拘萨罗国波斯匿王及其子女、妻子、随从和大臣都皈依了沙门乔达摩......
"诸位,婆罗门布库拉沙提及其子女、妻子、随从和大臣都皈依了沙门乔达摩......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩受到摩揭陀国频毗娑罗王的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩受到拘萨罗国波斯匿王的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩受到婆罗门布库拉沙提的尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养......
"诸位,沙门乔达摩已经来到坎帕城,住在伽伽罗池畔。任何来到我们村庄领地的沙门或婆罗门,都是我们的客人。我们应该尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养客人。既然沙门乔达摩已经来到坎帕城,住在伽伽罗池畔,他就是我们的客人。作为客人,我们应该尊重、敬仰、崇敬、礼遇和供养他。因此,不应该是乔达摩尊者来拜见我们,而应该是我们去拜见乔达摩尊者。诸位,我所知道的关于乔达摩尊者的赞美之词仅此而已,但乔达摩尊者的美德并不仅限于此。乔达摩尊者的美德是无量无边的。"

305. Evaṃ vutte, te brāhmaṇā soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yathā kho bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇe bhāsati ito cepi so bhavaṃ gotamo yojanasate viharati, alameva saddhena kulaputtena dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ api puṭosenā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bho, sabbeva mayaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāmā’’ti.

Soṇadaṇḍaparivitakko

306. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo mahatā brāhmaṇagaṇena saddhiṃ yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa tirovanasaṇḍagatassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘ahañceva kho pana samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyaṃ; tatra ce maṃ samaṇo gotamo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘na kho esa, brāhmaṇa, pañho evaṃ pucchitabbo, evaṃ nāmesa, brāhmaṇa , pañho pucchitabbo’ti, tena maṃ ayaṃ parisā paribhaveyya – ‘bālo soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abyatto, nāsakkhi samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ yoniso pañhaṃ pucchitu’nti. Yaṃ kho panāyaṃ parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Mamañceva kho pana samaṇo gotamo pañhaṃ puccheyya, tassa cāhaṃ pañhassa veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ na ārādheyyaṃ; tatra ce maṃ samaṇo gotamo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘na kho esa, brāhmaṇa, pañho evaṃ byākātabbo, evaṃ nāmesa, brāhmaṇa, pañho byākātabbo’ti, tena maṃ ayaṃ parisā paribhaveyya – ‘bālo soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abyatto, nāsakkhi samaṇassa gotamassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādhetu’nti. Yaṃ kho panāyaṃ parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Ahañceva kho pana evaṃ samīpagato samāno adisvāva samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ nivatteyyaṃ, tena maṃ ayaṃ parisā paribhaveyya – ‘bālo soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abyatto mānathaddho bhīto ca, no visahati samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ, kathañhi nāma evaṃ samīpagato samāno adisvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ nivattissatī’ti. Yaṃ kho panāyaṃ parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ, yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā’’ti.

307. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Campeyyakāpi kho brāhmaṇagahapatikā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

308. Tatrapi sudaṃ soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo etadeva bahulamanuvitakkento nisinno hoti – ‘‘ahañceva kho pana samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyaṃ; tatra ce maṃ samaṇo gotamo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘na kho esa, brāhmaṇa, pañho evaṃ pucchitabbo, evaṃ nāmesa, brāhmaṇa, pañho pucchitabbo’ti, tena maṃ ayaṃ parisā paribhaveyya – ‘bālo soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abyatto, nāsakkhi samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ yoniso pañhaṃ pucchitu’nti. Yaṃ kho panāyaṃ parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Mamañceva kho pana samaṇo gotamo pañhaṃ puccheyya, tassa cāhaṃ pañhassa veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ na ārādheyyaṃ; tatra ce maṃ samaṇo gotamo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘na kho esa, brāhmaṇa, pañho evaṃ byākātabbo, evaṃ nāmesa, brāhmaṇa, pañho byākātabbo’ti, tena maṃ ayaṃ parisā paribhaveyya – ‘bālo soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abyatto, nāsakkhi samaṇassa gotamassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇena cittaṃ ārādhetu’nti. Yaṃ kho panāyaṃ parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Aho vata maṃ samaṇo gotamo sake ācariyake tevijjake pañhaṃ puccheyya, addhā vatassāhaṃ cittaṃ ārādheyyaṃ pañhassa veyyākaraṇenā’’ti.

Brāhmaṇapaññatti



这是我的翻译:
听到这些话,那些婆罗门对索纳丹达婆罗门说:"索纳丹达先生如此赞美沙门乔达摩,即使他住在一百由旬之外,一个有信仰的善男子也应该去拜见他,即使要背着食物去。""那么,诸位,让我们所有人都去拜见沙门乔达摩吧。"
索纳丹达的思虑
于是,索纳丹达婆罗门与一大群婆罗门一起向伽伽罗池走去。当索纳丹达婆罗门穿过树林时,心中产生了这样的想法:"如果我向沙门乔达摩提问,而沙门乔达摩对我说:'婆罗门啊,这个问题不应该这样问,应该这样问',那么这群人就会轻视我:'索纳丹达婆罗门愚蠢无知,不懂得如何恰当地向沙门乔达摩提问。'如果这群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。如果沙门乔达摩向我提问,而我的回答不能使他满意,沙门乔达摩可能会对我说:'婆罗门啊,这个问题不应该这样回答,应该这样回答',那么这群人就会轻视我:'索纳丹达婆罗门愚蠢无知,不能以令沙门乔达摩满意的方式回答问题。'如果这群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。如果我走到这么近的地方却不见沙门乔达摩就转回去,这群人就会轻视我:'索纳丹达婆罗门愚蠢无知,傲慢固执,胆小怯懦,不敢去见沙门乔达摩,怎么能走到这么近的地方却不见沙门乔达摩就转回去呢?'如果这群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。"
于是,索纳丹达婆罗门走向世尊。走近后,与世尊互相问候。寒暄过后,坐在一旁。坎佩亚的一些婆罗门和居士向世尊行礼后坐在一旁;一些人与世尊互相问候,寒暄过后坐在一旁;一些人向世尊合掌致意后坐在一旁;一些人报上自己的姓名后坐在一旁;还有一些人默默地坐在一旁。
索纳丹达婆罗门坐下后,仍然不断地思考着:"如果我向沙门乔达摩提问,而沙门乔达摩对我说:'婆罗门啊,这个问题不应该这样问,应该这样问',那么这群人就会轻视我:'索纳丹达婆罗门愚蠢无知,不懂得如何恰当地向沙门乔达摩提问。'如果这群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。如果沙门乔达摩向我提问,而我的回答不能使他满意,沙门乔达摩可能会对我说:'婆罗门啊,这个问题不应该这样回答,应该这样回答',那么这群人就会轻视我:'索纳丹达婆罗门愚蠢无知,不能以令沙门乔达摩满意的方式回答问题。'如果这群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。啊,如果沙门乔达摩能问我关

309. Atha kho bhagavato soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – ‘‘vihaññati kho ayaṃ soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo sakena cittena. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ sake ācariyake tevijjake pañhaṃ puccheyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katihi pana, brāhmaṇa, aṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti?

310. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃ vata no ahosi icchitaṃ, yaṃ ākaṅkhitaṃ, yaṃ adhippetaṃ, yaṃ abhipatthitaṃ – ‘aho vata maṃ samaṇo gotamo sake ācariyake tevijjake pañhaṃ puccheyya, addhā vatassāhaṃ cittaṃ ārādheyyaṃ pañhassa veyyākaraṇenā’ti, tatra maṃ samaṇo gotamo sake ācariyake tevijjake pañhaṃ pucchati. Addhā vatassāhaṃ cittaṃ ārādhessāmi pañhassa veyyākaraṇenā’’ti.

311. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo abbhunnāmetvā kāyaṃ anuviloketvā parisaṃ bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pañcahi, bho gotama, aṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyya. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo ubhato sujāto hoti mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena; ajjhāyako hoti mantadharo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo; abhirūpo hoti dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato brahmavaṇṇī brahmavacchasī akhuddāvakāso dassanāya; sīlavā hoti vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato; paṇḍito ca hoti medhāvī paṭhamo vā dutiyo vā sujaṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. Imehi kho, bho gotama, pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.

‘‘Imesaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, pañcannaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakkā ekaṃ aṅgaṃ ṭhapayitvā catūhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapetuṃ; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Sakkā , bho gotama. Imesañhi, bho gotama, pañcannaṃ aṅgānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ṭhapayāma. Kiñhi vaṇṇo karissati? Yato kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo ubhato sujāto hoti mātito ca pitito ca saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena; ajjhāyako ca hoti mantadharo ca tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo; sīlavā ca hoti vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato; paṇḍito ca hoti medhāvī paṭhamo vā dutiyo vā sujaṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. Imehi kho bho gotama catūhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.



这是我的翻译:
这时,世尊知道了索纳丹达婆罗门心中的思虑,想道:"这个索纳丹达婆罗门被自己的想法折磨着。我不如问他关于他们自己的三吠陀传统的问题吧。"于是,世尊对索纳丹达婆罗门说:"婆罗门啊,婆罗门们认为具备多少条件才能称一个人为婆罗门?一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,才能说得恰当,不会说谎?"
这时,索纳丹达婆罗门想道:"我所希望的,所期待的,所想要的,所渴望的 - '啊,如果沙门乔达摩能问我关于我们自己的三吠陀传统的问题就好了,那样我一定能以令他满意的方式回答问题' - 现在沙门乔达摩正在问我关于我们自己的三吠陀传统的问题。我一定能以令他满意的方式回答这个问题。"
于是,索纳丹达婆罗门挺直身体,环顾四周,对世尊说:"乔达摩先生,婆罗门们认为具备五个条件才能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,才能说得恰当,不会说谎。这五个条件是什么呢?在这里,乔达摩先生,一个婆罗门出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤;他是精通吠陀的学者,熟知咒语,精通三吠陀及其附属学问、音韵学和词源学,通晓古传说为第五的典籍,精通语法,善于辩论世间学说和大人相;他相貌英俊,令人赏心悦目,拥有最高等的肤色,具有梵天般的容貌,身材高大,值得一见;他品德高尚,具有崇高的德行;他聪明智慧,在举行祭祀时是第一个或第二个捧起祭勺的人。乔达摩先生,婆罗门们认为具备这五个条件才能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,才能说得恰当,不会说谎。"
"婆罗门啊,在这五个条件中,是否可以去掉一个条件,用四个条件来定义婆罗门?一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎?""可以的,乔达摩先生。我们可以去掉相貌这个条件。相貌有什么用呢?乔达摩先生,如果一个婆罗门出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤;他是精通吠陀的学者,熟知咒语,精通三吠陀及其附属学问、音韵学和词源学,通晓古传说为第五的典籍,精通语法,善于辩论世间学说和大人相;他品德高尚,具有崇高的德行;他聪明智慧,在举行祭祀时是第一个或第二个捧起祭勺的人。乔达摩先生,婆罗门们认为具备这四个条件就能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎。"

312. ‘‘Imesaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, catunnaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakkā ekaṃ aṅgaṃ ṭhapayitvā tīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapetuṃ; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Sakkā, bho gotama. Imesañhi, bho gotama, catunnaṃ aṅgānaṃ mante ṭhapayāma. Kiñhi mantā karissanti? Yato kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo ubhato sujāto hoti mātito ca pitito ca saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena; sīlavā ca hoti vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato; paṇḍito ca hoti medhāvī paṭhamo vā dutiyo vā sujaṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. Imehi kho, bho gotama, tīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.

‘‘Imesaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, tiṇṇaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakkā ekaṃ aṅgaṃ ṭhapayitvā dvīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapetuṃ; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Sakkā, bho gotama. Imesañhi, bho gotama, tiṇṇaṃ aṅgānaṃ jātiṃ ṭhapayāma. Kiñhi jāti karissati? Yato kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo sīlavā hoti vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato; paṇḍito ca hoti medhāvī paṭhamo vā dutiyo vā sujaṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. Imehi kho, bho gotama, dvīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.

313. Evaṃ vutte, te brāhmaṇā soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mā bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo evaṃ avaca, mā bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo evaṃ avaca. Apavadateva bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo vaṇṇaṃ, apavadati mante, apavadati jātiṃ ekaṃsena. Bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇasseva gotamassa vādaṃ anupakkhandatī’’ti.

314. Atha kho bhagavā te brāhmaṇe etadavoca – ‘‘sace kho tumhākaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘appassuto ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, akalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, duppañño ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, na ca pahoti soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetu’nti, tiṭṭhatu soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, tumhe mayā saddhiṃ mantavho asmiṃ vacane. Sace pana tumhākaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘bahussuto ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, paṇḍito ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo, pahoti ca soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetu’nti, tiṭṭhatha tumhe, soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo mayā saddhiṃ paṭimantetū’’ti.

315. Evaṃ vutte, soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tiṭṭhatu bhavaṃ gotamo, tuṇhī bhavaṃ gotamo hotu, ahameva tesaṃ sahadhammena paṭivacanaṃ karissāmī’’ti. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo te brāhmaṇe etadavoca – ‘‘mā bhavanto evaṃ avacuttha, mā bhavanto evaṃ avacuttha – ‘apavadateva bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo vaṇṇaṃ, apavadati mante, apavadati jātiṃ ekaṃsena. Bhavaṃ soṇadaṇḍo samaṇasseva gotamassa vādaṃ anupakkhandatī’ti. Nāhaṃ, bho, apavadāmi vaṇṇaṃ vā mante vā jātiṃ vā’’ti.



这是我的翻译:
"婆罗门啊,在这四个条件中,是否可以再去掉一个条件,用三个条件来定义婆罗门?一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎?""可以的,乔达摩先生。我们可以去掉咒语这个条件。咒语有什么用呢?乔达摩先生,如果一个婆罗门出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤;他品德高尚,具有崇高的德行;他聪明智慧,在举行祭祀时是第一个或第二个捧起祭勺的人。乔达摩先生,婆罗门们认为具备这三个条件就能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎。"
"婆罗门啊,在这三个条件中,是否可以再去掉一个条件,用两个条件来定义婆罗门?一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎?""可以的,乔达摩先生。我们可以去掉出身这个条件。出身有什么用呢?乔达摩先生,如果一个婆罗门品德高尚,具有崇高的德行;他聪明智慧,在举行祭祀时是第一个或第二个捧起祭勺的人。乔达摩先生,婆罗门们认为具备这两个条件就能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎。"
听到这些话,那些婆罗门对索纳丹达婆罗门说:"索纳丹达先生,请不要这样说,请不要这样说。索纳丹达先生完全否定了相貌,否定了咒语,否定了出身。索纳丹达先生完全赞同沙门乔达摩的观点。"
这时,世尊对那些婆罗门说:"如果你们婆罗门认为:'索纳丹达婆罗门学识浅薄,言辞不善,智慧低下,不能与沙门乔达摩在这个问题上进行讨论',那么就让索纳丹达婆罗门退下,你们来与我讨论这个问题。但如果你们婆罗门认为:'索纳丹达婆罗门学识渊博,言辞善巧,智慧高超,能够与沙门乔达摩在这个问题上进行讨论',那么你们就退下,让索纳丹达婆罗门来与我讨论。"
听到这话,索纳丹达婆罗门对世尊说:"请乔达摩先生停下,请乔达摩先生保持沉默,我会按照我们的教义来回答他们。"然后,索纳丹达婆罗门对那些婆罗门说:"诸位,请不要这样说,请不要这样说 - '索纳丹达先生完全否定了相貌,否定了咒语,否定了出身。索纳丹达先生完全赞同沙门乔达摩的观点。'诸位,我并没有否定相貌、咒语或出身。"

316. Tena kho pana samayena soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa bhāgineyyo aṅgako nāma māṇavako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo te brāhmaṇe etadavoca – ‘‘passanti no bhonto imaṃ aṅgakaṃ māṇavakaṃ amhākaṃ bhāgineyya’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’. ‘‘Aṅgako kho, bho, māṇavako abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato brahmavaṇṇī brahmavacchasī akhuddāvakāso dassanāya, nāssa imissaṃ parisāyaṃ samasamo atthi vaṇṇena ṭhapetvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ. Aṅgako kho māṇavako ajjhāyako mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo. Ahamassa mante vācetā. Aṅgako kho māṇavako ubhato sujāto mātito ca pitito ca saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena. Ahamassa mātāpitaro jānāmi. Aṅgako kho māṇavako pāṇampi haneyya, adinnampi ādiyeyya , paradārampi gaccheyya, musāvādampi bhaṇeyya, majjampi piveyya, ettha dāni, bho, kiṃ vaṇṇo karissati, kiṃ mantā, kiṃ jāti? Yato kho, bho, brāhmaṇo sīlavā ca hoti vuddhasīlī vuddhasīlena samannāgato, paṇḍito ca hoti medhāvī paṭhamo vā dutiyo vā sujaṃ paggaṇhantānaṃ. Imehi kho, bho, dvīhaṅgehi samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapenti; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.

Sīlapaññākathā

317. ‘‘Imesaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, dvinnaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakkā ekaṃ aṅgaṃ ṭhapayitvā ekena aṅgena samannāgataṃ brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ paññapetuṃ; ‘brāhmaṇosmī’ti ca vadamāno sammā vadeyya, na ca pana musāvādaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama. Sīlaparidhotā hi, bho gotama, paññā; paññāparidhotaṃ sīlaṃ. Yattha sīlaṃ tattha paññā, yattha paññā tattha sīlaṃ. Sīlavato paññā, paññavato sīlaṃ. Sīlapaññāṇañca pana lokasmiṃ aggamakkhāyati. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, hatthena vā hatthaṃ dhoveyya, pādena vā pādaṃ dhoveyya; evameva kho, bho gotama, sīlaparidhotā paññā, paññāparidhotaṃ sīlaṃ. Yattha sīlaṃ tattha paññā, yattha paññā tattha sīlaṃ. Sīlavato paññā, paññavato sīlaṃ. Sīlapaññāṇañca pana lokasmiṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti. ‘‘Evametaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evametaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sīlaparidhotā hi, brāhmaṇa, paññā, paññāparidhotaṃ sīlaṃ. Yattha sīlaṃ tattha paññā, yattha paññā tattha sīlaṃ. Sīlavato paññā, paññavato sīlaṃ. Sīlapaññāṇañca pana lokasmiṃ aggamakkhāyati. Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, hatthena vā hatthaṃ dhoveyya, pādena vā pādaṃ dhoveyya; evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, sīlaparidhotā paññā, paññāparidhotaṃ sīlaṃ. Yattha sīlaṃ tattha paññā, yattha paññā tattha sīlaṃ. Sīlavato paññā, paññavato sīlaṃ. Sīlapaññāṇañca pana lokasmiṃ aggamakkhāyati .

318. ‘‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, brāhmaṇa, sīlaṃ? Katamā sā paññā’’ti? ‘‘Ettakaparamāva mayaṃ, bho gotama, etasmiṃ atthe. Sādhu vata bhavantaṃyeva gotamaṃ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, suṇohi; sādhukaṃ manasikarohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘idha, brāhmaṇa, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… (yathā 190-212 anucchedesu tathā vitthāretabbaṃ). Evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti. Idaṃ kho taṃ, brāhmaṇa, sīlaṃ…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati…pe… ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati, abhininnāmeti. Idampissa hoti paññāya…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti, idampissa hoti paññāya ayaṃ kho sā, brāhmaṇa, paññā’’ti.

Soṇadaṇḍaupāsakattapaṭivedanā



这是我的翻译:
那时,索纳丹达婆罗门的外甥安迦卡青年正坐在那群人中。索纳丹达婆罗门对那些婆罗门说:"诸位看到我的外甥安迦卡青年了吗?""是的,先生。""诸位,安迦卡青年相貌英俊,令人赏心悦目,拥有最高等的肤色,具有梵天般的容貌,身材高大,值得一见。在这群人中,除了沙门乔达摩,没有人能在相貌上与他相比。安迦卡青年是精通吠陀的学者,熟知咒语,精通三吠陀及其附属学问、音韵学和词源学,通晓古传说为第五的典籍,精通语法,善于辩论世间学说和大人相。我是他的咒语老师。安迦卡青年出身高贵,父母双方都是纯正的血统,追溯到七代祖先都没有受到出身的质疑或诽谤。我认识他的父母。然而,安迦卡青年可能会杀生,偷盗,邪淫,说谎,饮酒。在这种情况下,相貌有什么用?咒语有什么用?出身有什么用?诸位,如果一个婆罗门品德高尚,具有崇高的德行;他聪明智慧,在举行祭祀时是第一个或第二个捧起祭勺的人。婆罗门们认为具备这两个条件就能称一个人为婆罗门。一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,才能说得恰当,不会说谎。"
关于德行和智慧的讨论
"婆罗门啊,在这两个条件中,是否可以再去掉一个条件,用一个条件来定义婆罗门?一个人自称'我是婆罗门'时,仍能说得恰当,不会说谎?""不可以,乔达摩先生。因为,乔达摩先生,智慧由德行净化,德行由智慧净化。哪里有德行,哪里就有智慧;哪里有智慧,哪里就有德行。有德行的人有智慧,有智慧的人有德行。在这个世界上,德行和智慧被认为是最高尚的。乔达摩先生,就像用手洗手,或用脚洗脚;同样地,智慧由德行净化,德行由智慧净化。哪里有德行,哪里就有智慧;哪里有智慧,哪里就有德行。有德行的人有智慧,有智慧的人有德行。在这个世界上,德行和智慧被认为是最高尚的。""确实如此,婆罗门,确实如此。智慧由德行净化,德行由智慧净化。哪里有德行,哪里就有智慧;哪里有智慧,哪里就有德行。有德行的人有智慧,有智慧的人有德行。在这个世界上,德行和智慧被认为是最高尚的。婆罗门,就像用手洗手,或用脚洗脚;同样地,智慧由德行净化,德行由智慧净化。哪里有德行,哪里就有智慧;哪里有智慧,哪里就有德行。有德行的人有智慧,有智慧的人有德行。在这个世界上,德行和智慧被认为是最高尚的。
"婆罗门啊,什么是德行?什么是智慧?""乔达摩先生,我们对这个问题的理解仅限于此。请乔达摩先生为我们解释这个问题的含义。""那么,婆罗门,请仔细听,好好思考,我要说了。""是的,先生。"索纳丹达婆罗门回答道。世尊说:"在这里,婆罗门,如来出现在世间,是阿罗汉、正等正觉......(应该像190-212段那样详细阐述)。婆罗门,这就是比丘如何具备德行。婆罗门,这就是德行......他进入并安住于初禅......二禅......三禅......四禅......他引导并专注心智以获得智见。这是他的智慧......他了知:'不再有来生。'这也是他的智慧。婆罗门,这就是智慧。"
索纳丹达成为优婆塞

319. Evaṃ vutte, soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ , bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama . Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ . Adhivāsetu ca me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

320. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena soṇadaṇḍassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi.

321. Atha kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, parisagato samāno āsanā vuṭṭhahitvā bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ abhivādeyyaṃ, tena maṃ sā parisā paribhaveyya. Yaṃ kho pana sā parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha. Yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, parisagato samāno añjaliṃ paggaṇheyyaṃ, āsanā me taṃ bhavaṃ gotamo paccuṭṭhānaṃ dhāretu. Ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, parisagato samāno veṭhanaṃ omuñceyyaṃ, sirasā me taṃ bhavaṃ gotamo abhivādanaṃ dhāretu. Ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, yānagato samāno yānā paccorohitvā bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ abhivādeyyaṃ, tena maṃ sā parisā paribhaveyya. Yaṃ kho pana sā parisā paribhaveyya, yasopi tassa hāyetha, yassa kho pana yaso hāyetha, bhogāpi tassa hāyeyyuṃ. Yasoladdhā kho panamhākaṃ bhogā. Ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, yānagato samāno patodalaṭṭhiṃ abbhunnāmeyyaṃ, yānā me taṃ bhavaṃ gotamo paccorohanaṃ dhāretu. Ahañceva kho pana, bho gotama, yānagato samāno chattaṃ apanāmeyyaṃ, sirasā me taṃ bhavaṃ gotamo abhivādanaṃ dhāretū’’ti.



这是我的翻译:
听到这些话,索纳丹达婆罗门对世尊说:"太奇妙了,乔达摩先生,太奇妙了。乔达摩先生,就像有人扶起摔倒的东西,揭开遮蔽的东西,为迷路的人指明道路,在黑暗中举起油灯,让有眼睛的人能看见东西。同样地,乔达摩先生以各种方式阐明了佛法。我皈依乔达摩先生,皈依佛法,皈依比丘僧团。愿乔达摩先生接受我为优婆塞,从今天起直到生命终结,我都将皈依。请乔达摩先生和比丘僧团明天接受我的供养。"世尊以沉默表示接受。
索纳丹达婆罗门知道世尊接受后,就从座位上站起来,向世尊行礼,右绕三匝后离开。第二天早晨,索纳丹达婆罗门在自己家里准备了美味的硬食和软食,然后派人通知世尊:"乔达摩先生,时间到了,饭食已经准备好了。"这时,世尊在上午穿好衣服,拿着衣钵,与比丘僧团一起前往索纳丹达婆罗门的家。到达后,坐在准备好的座位上。然后,索纳丹达婆罗门亲自用美味的硬食和软食供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团,让他们吃饱。
等世尊用完餐,放下手中的钵后,索纳丹达婆罗门拿了一个低矮的座位,坐在一旁。坐下后,索纳丹达婆罗门对世尊说:"乔达摩先生,如果我在众人面前从座位上站起来向您行礼,那群人就会轻视我。如果那群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。乔达摩先生,如果我在众人面前向您合掌,请您把这个动作理解为我从座位上站起来。如果我在众人面前解下头巾,请您把这个动作理解为我向您低头行礼。乔达摩先生,如果我坐在车上,从车上下来向您行礼,那群人就会轻视我。如果那群人轻视我,我的声望就会下降。声望下降的人,财富也会随之减少。而我们的财富是靠声望获得的。乔达摩先生,如果我坐在车上举起鞭子,请您把这个动作理解为我从车上下来。如果我坐在车上放下遮阳伞,请您把这个动作理解为我向您低头行礼。"

322. Atha kho bhagavā soṇadaṇḍaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti.

Soṇadaṇḍasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.

这是我的翻译:
然后,世尊用佛法开示教导索纳丹达婆罗门,使他振奋鼓舞,从座位上站起来离开了。
索纳丹达经结束,这是第四经。


